VegEco
Animals

Animal testing in research

Toxicology, drug development and cosmetics testing on animals — the scale, the translation-failure problem, and the organ-on-chip, in-silico and human-cell methods now displacing them.

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Questions this hub answers

Are there alternatives to animal testing?
Yes — human organ-on-chip systems, cultured human tissue, computational toxicology and micro-dosing studies are validated for a growing range of endpoints.
How reliable is animal testing for humans?
Poorly in many areas: the large majority of drugs that pass animal trials still fail in human trials, often on efficacy or safety.