Animal testing in research
Toxicology, drug development and cosmetics testing on animals — the scale, the translation-failure problem, and the organ-on-chip, in-silico and human-cell methods now displacing them.
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This hub is being filled in this edition. Browse the desks above in the meantime.
Questions this hub answers
- Are there alternatives to animal testing?
- Yes — human organ-on-chip systems, cultured human tissue, computational toxicology and micro-dosing studies are validated for a growing range of endpoints.
- How reliable is animal testing for humans?
- Poorly in many areas: the large majority of drugs that pass animal trials still fail in human trials, often on efficacy or safety.